For purposes of ordinary functional literacy in contemporary society, the generally accepted level of understanding is at the Grade 5 - 6 level, according to academic resource criteria in use in the Durham Region Board of Education. That level allows a person to follow a standard cookbook, use basic instructions for operating a VCR at home, and follow the signs in a building without getting lost. I understand that the grade 8 level would allow the person to comprehend a normal 200 page novel. Full functional literacy for court purposes would seem to require a higher level, short of the ability to understand legal maxims. For the purposes of the following comments, then, illiteracy must be seen as a relative term.
     
The Scope of the Problem
 
    Consider the challenges facing an accused who is illiterate to the point of being unable to read or write; the problems for people with lesser degrees of illiteracy will vary proportionately. If the fully illiterate accused is released on an appearance notice, he cannot read it. While the document may have been explained to him by the police officer, if the accused is suffering the lingering effects of alcohol or drugs, that explanation may be wasted or undermined. A recognizance or undertaking with conditions, although also explained by a justice of the peace, will be useless as a reference document.

The accused makes it to court. There are posters prominently displayed, and numerous signs. To the generally literate, these signs provide access to the right courthouse personnel, and to assistance from Legal Aid, treatment agencies, and other outside sources of personal, procedural or legal support. To the illiterate they are of lesser or no value.


Previous Table of Contents Next